Fig. 2

Flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; C4H, cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase; 4CL, 4-coumarate CoA ligase; CHS, chalcone synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; IFS, isoflavone synthase; HID, 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase; FNS, flavone synthase; F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase; F3′H, flavanoid 3′-hydroxylase; F3′5′H, flavanone 3′,5′-hydroxylase; FLS, flavonol synthase; LDOX, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase; LAR, leucoanthocyanidin reductase; UFGT, UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase