Fig. 2

Phenotypes of CmACS6 transgenic lines under waterlogging stress treatment (with/without exogenous ethylene application). A The expression level of CmACS6 in wild-type and transgenic chrysanthemum lines. B ACC synthase activity of CmACS6 transgenic chrysanthemum lines. C Ethylene production of CmACS6 transgenic chrysanthemum lines. D Phenotype of CmACS6 transgenic plants under natural growth conditions (0 d) and waterlogging conditions (7 d). Red arrows indicate the partially injured leaves after waterlogging stress. Bar: 5 cm. E–G Physiological index determinations of CmACS6 transgenic and wild-type chrysanthemum under natural growth CK and WL. E Percentage of injured leaves. N.D.: Not detect. F Chlorophyll content. G Electrolyte leakage. H Phenotype of CmACS6 transgenic lines after different treatments. CK: control; ET + WL: exogenous ethylene + waterlogging treatment, WL: waterlogging treatment alone, ET: exogenous ethylene treatment alone. Bar: 5 cm. I Percentage of injured leaves of CmACS6 transgenic lines after treatment. N.D.: Not detect. J Chlorophyll content of CmACS6 transgenic lines after treatment. Error bars represent standard deviation (SD, n = 3). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 (ANOVA, Tukey’s correction)